核输出蛋白1（exportin 1， XPO1）是一种核质转运蛋白，负责大多数肿瘤抑制蛋白和生长调节蛋白的转运。XPO1在许多恶性肿瘤中过表达，并与疾病进展、治疗耐药性相关。选择性核输出抑制剂（SINE）是一类新型抗肿瘤药物，促使肿瘤抑制蛋白和其他生长调节蛋白的核内储留和活化，并下调细胞浆内多种致癌蛋白水平，诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。本文综述XPO1在肿瘤发生发展和耐药性中的作用、以及XPO1抑制剂治疗血液肿瘤的研究进展。

Most tumor suppressor and growth‑regulating proteins are transported via the plasmic nuclear transporter exportin 1 （XPO1）. Many malignancies have excessive XPO1 expression， which is associated with disease progression and resistance to therapy. A novel class of anticancer medication called selective inhibitor of nuclear export （SINE） can down‑regulate the levels of a number of antigenic proteins in the cytoplasm， activate tumor suppressor and other growth regulating proteins， and promote the nuclear retention and apoptosis of tumor cells. This article discusses the function of XPO1 in drug resistance and tumor development as well as the advancement of XPO1 inhibitor research for the treatment of hematological cancers.

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国家自然科学基金项目（81970190）；陕西省社发公关重点项目（2019ZDLSF02?02）；国家医学中心转化课题 （2020ZKMC01）